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初二英语知识点归纳

时间: 如英2 初二英语

  名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。

  I 名词复数的规则变化

  1.一般在名词词尾加-s。如:

  pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers

  desk---desks tree---trees

  2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词,词尾加-es。如:

  class---classes dish---dishes

  watch---watches box---boxes

  3.以字母-o结尾的某些名词,词尾加-es。如:

  potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes

  Negro---Negroes hero---heroes

  4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,将-y变为-i,再加-es。如:

  family---families dictionary---dictionaries

  city---cities country---countries

  5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词,将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。如:

  half---halves leaf---leaves

  thief---thieves knife---knives

  self---selves wife---wives

  life---lives wolf---wolves

  shelf---shelves loaf---loaves

  但是:

  scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs

  serf---serfs gulf---gulfs

  chief---chiefs proof---proofs

  belief---beliefs

  II 名词复数的不规则变化

  1.将-oo改为--ee。如:

  foot---feet tooth---teeth

  2.将-man改为-men。如:

  man---men woman---women

  policeman---policemen postman---postmen

  3.添加词尾。如:

  child---children

  4.单复数同形。如:

  sheep---sheep deer---deer

  fish---fish people---people

  5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化。即“中日瑞不变英法变,其它国把-s加后面”。如:

  Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese

  Swiss---Swiss

  Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen

  American---Americans Australian---Australians

  Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans

  Russian---Russians Indian---Indians

  6.其它。如:

  mouse---mice

  apple tree---apple trees

  man teacher---men teachers

  初二英语知识点归纳:双写最后一个字母的-ing分词

  初中阶段常见的有以下这些:

  1.let→letting 让

  hit→hitting 打、撞

  cut→cutting 切、割

  get→getting 取、得到

  sit→sitting 坐

  forget→forgetting 忘记

  put→putting 放

  set→setting 设置

  babysit→babysitting 临时受雇照顾婴儿

  2.shop→shopping 购物

  trip→tripping 绊

  stop→stopping 停止

  drop→dropping 放弃

  3.travel→travel(l)ing 旅游

  swim→swimming 游泳

  run→running 跑步

  dig→digging 挖、掘

  begin→beginning 开始

  prefer→preferring 宁愿

  plan→planning 计划

  初二英语知识点归纳: 肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词

  1.some变为any。如:

  There are some birds in the tree.

  →There aren't any birds in the tree.

  但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。如:

  Would you like some orange juice?

  与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。

  2.and变为or。如:

  I have a knife and a ruler.

  →I don't have a knife or a ruler.

  3.a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如:

  They have a lot of friends.(可数名词)

  →They don't have many friends.

  There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词)

  →There isn't much orange in the bottle.

  4.already变为yet。如:

  I have been there already.

  →I haven't been there yet.

  初二英语知识点归纳: in与after

  in 与 after 都可以表示时间,但二者有所区别。

  1.in 经常用于将来时的句子中,以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间。如:

  He will leave for Beijing in a week.

  一周后他会动身去北京。

  2.after 经常用于过去时的句子中,以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间。如:

  He left for Beijing after a week.

  一周后他动身去了北京。

  不过,如果after后跟的是具体的时刻,它也可用于将来时。如:

  We will finish the work after ten o'clock.

  十点后我们会完成工作的。

  3.注意区分以下的in的用法。

  I'll visit him in a week.

  一周后我会去拜访他。

  I'll visit him twice in a week.

  一周内我会去拜访他两次。

  初二英语知识点归纳:不定冠词a与an的使用

  1.a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。如:

  There is a "b" in the word "book".

  单词book中有个字母b。

  类似的字母还有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。

  She has a small knife.

  她有一把小刀。

  2.an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。如:

  There is an "i" in the word "onion".

  单词onion中有个字母i。

  类似的字母还有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。

  Do you have an umbrella?

  你有一把雨伞吗?

  3.以元音字母开头的单词前面不一定都用an;以辅音字母开头的单词前面也不一定都用a。如:

  a useful book

  a universe

  a one-letter word

  an hour

  an uncle

  an umbrella

  an honest person

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